Nhanganyaya
Muchitsauko chakapfuura zvakaratidzwa kuti mamiriro chaiwo emasvomhu emasimba anoitwa nemvura pakuzorora anogona kuwanikwa nyore nyore.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mu hydrostatic chete nyore kumanikidza masimba anobatanidzwa.Kana mvura inofamba ichifungidzirwa, dambudziko rekuongorora kamwechete rinova rakaoma zvikuru.Kwete chete kuve nekukura kwechikamu uye gwara rinofanirwa kuverengerwa, asi kune zvakare kwakaoma kurudziro yeviscosity inokonzera kugera kana kukweshana kushushikana pakati pezvimedu zvinofamba zvemvura uye pane ine miganhu.Kufamba kwehukama kunogoneka pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana zvemuviri wemvura zvinoita kuti kudzvanywa uye shear stress isiyane zvakanyanya kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe zvinoenderana nekuyerera kwemamiriro.Nekuda kwekuomerwa kwakabatana nechiitiko chekuyerera, kunyatsoongorora masvomhu kunongogoneka mune mashoma, uye kubva pakuona kweinjiniya, zvimwe zvisingaite, nyaya.Saka zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa matambudziko ekuyerera kungave nekuyedza, kana nekugadzira. mamwe fungidziro yekurerutsa zvakakwana kuti uwane mhinduro yedzidziso.Nzira mbiri idzi hadzina kudyidzana, sezvo mitemo yakakosha yemakanika inogara ichishanda uye ichigonesa nzira dzedzidziso dzigamuchirwe muzviitiko zvakati wandei zvakakosha.Zvakare zvakakosha kuona nekuedza kukura kwekutsauka kubva kumamiriro echokwadi zvichibva pakuongorora kwakareruka.
Iyo inonyanya kufungidzira yekurerutsa fungidziro ndeyekuti iyo fluid yakanaka kana yakakwana, nekudaro kubvisa zvinonetsa viscous mhedzisiro.Iyi ndiyo hwaro hwechinyakare hydrodynamics, bazi rekushandisa masvomhu rakagamuchira tarisiro kubva kunyanzvi dzine mukurumbira dzakadai saStokes, Rayleigh, Rankine, Kelvin naGwayana.Pane zvakakomba zvipimo zvemukati mudzidziso yechinyakare, asi sezvo mvura ine yakaderera viscosity, inoita semvura chaiyo mumamiriro mazhinji.Nechikonzero ichi, classical hydrodynamics inogona kutorwa seyakanyanya kukosha kumashure kwekudzidza kwehunhu hwekufamba kwemvura.Chitsauko chiripo chine chekuita neakakosha masimba ekufamba kwemvura uye chinoshanda sesumo yekutanga kune zvitsauko zvinobudirira zvine chekuita nematambudziko akanyanya kusangana mu civil engineering hydraulics.Iwo matatu akakosha equation ekufamba kwemvura anoti, kuenderera, Bernoulli, uye nhanho equation inotorwa uye kukosha kwazvo kunotsanangurwa.Gare gare, zvisingakwanisi zvechinyakare dzidziso zvinotariswa uye hunhu hwemvura chaiyo inotsanangurwa.An incompressible fluid inofungidzirwa mukati mese.
Mhando dzekuyerera
Mhando dzakasiyana dzekufamba kwemvura dzinogona kuiswa sezvizvi:
1.Turbulent uye laminar
2.Kutenderera uye kutenderera
3.Yakasimba uye isina kugadzikana
4.Uniform uye isina-yunifomu.
MVS akatevedzana axial-kuyerera pombi AVS akatevedzana akasanganiswa-kuyerera pombi (Vertical Axial kuyerera uye Mixed inoyerera submersible sewage pump) zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano zvakabudirira kugadzirwa nenzira yekutora tekinoroji yechizvino-zvino.Mapombi matsva akakura ne20% pane ekare.Iko kushanda kwe3 ~ 5% yakakwirira kudarika yekare.
Kuputika uye laminar kuyerera.
Aya mazwi anotsanangura chimiro chemuviri chekuyerera.
Pakuyerera kusinganzwisisike, kufambira mberi kwezvimedu zvemvura hakuna kurongeka uye pane kungoita sekunge kuri kuchinjana kwenzvimbo.mavhesi evhesi kuitira kuti kufamba kwacho kuri kuputika uye kune sinuous pane kuti rectilinear.Kana dhayi rikaiswa pane imwe nzvimbo, rinokurumidza kupararira mukati mekuyerera kwerukova.Panyaya yekuyerera kwemhirizhonga mupombi, semuenzaniso, kurekodha nekukasira kwekukurumidza pachikamu kunoburitsa kunenge kugoverwa sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 1(a).Kumhanya kwakadzikama, sezvingarekodhwa nezviridzwa zvakajairwa zvekuyeresa, zvinoratidzwa muchidimbu chine madota, uye zviri pachena kuti kuyerera kwemhirizhonga kunoratidzwa nekusadzikama kusingachinjiki kwekukurumidza kwakaiswa pamusoro pezvinorehwa nechinguva.
Fig.1(a) Kuyerera kwemhirizhonga
Fig.1(b) Laminar flow
Mukuyerera kwelaminar zvimedu zvese zvinoyerera zvinoenderera nenzira dzakafanana uye hapana chinochinjika chikamu chevelocity.Kufambira mberi kwakarongeka ndekwekuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinotevera chaizvo nzira yechikamu chiri pamberi pacho pasina kutsauka.Nokudaro filament yakaonda yedhayi icharamba yakadaro pasina kupararira.Kune yakakura zvikuru transverse velocity gradient mukuyerera kwelaminar (Fig.1b) kupfuura mukuyerera kwemhirizhonga.Semuyenzaniso,yepombi, reshiyo yevarevi velocity V uye iyo yepamusoro velocity V max i0,5 ine mhirizhonga inoyerera uye 0. ,05 ine laminar kuyerera.
Laminar kuyerera kwakabatana neakaderera velocities uye viscous husimbe zvinwiwa. Mupombi uye yakavhurika-channel hydraulics, mavhinzi anogara akareba zvakakwana kuti ave nechokwadi chekuyerera, kunyangwe iyo nhete yelaminar inoramba iri padyo nemuganhu wakasimba.Mitemo yelaminar inoyerera inonzwisiswa zvizere, uye kune akareruka mamiriro emuganhu kugovera kwevelocity kunogona kuongororwa nemasvomhu.Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo husina kurongeka, kuyerera kwakashata kwaramba kurapwa kwemasvomhu, uye nemhinduro yezvinetso zvinoshanda, zvinodikanwa kuvimba zvakanyanya nehukama hwemagetsi kana semiempirical.
Muenzaniso Nhamba: XBC-VTP
XBC-VTP Series vertical long shaft fire fighting pumps are series of single stage, multistage diffusers pumps, inogadzirwa maererano neazvino National Standard GB6245-2006.Isu takavandudzawo dhizaini nereferensi yechiyero cheUnited States Fire Protection Association.Inonyanya kushandiswa kugovera mvura yemoto mupetrochemical, gasi rechisikigo, gwenya remagetsi, machira edonje, wharf, ndege, warehousing, chivakwa chakakwira uye mamwe maindasitiri.Inogona zvakare kushanda kune ngarava, tangi yegungwa, ngarava yemoto uye dzimwe nguva dzekupa.
Kutenderera uye kutenderera kuyerera.
Kuyerera kunonzi kutenderera kana chidimbu chega chega chemvura chine angular velocity pamusoro pepakati payo pachayo.
Mufananidzo 2a unoratidza yakajairika velocity kugovera kwakabatana nemhirizhonga kuyerera kupfuura muganho wakatwasuka.Nekuda kweiyo isiri-uniform velocity kugovera, chimedu chine matemo maviri ayo pakutanga perpendicular chinotambura deformation ine diki diki yekutenderera.Mumufananidzo 2a, inoyerera mudenderedzwa.
nzira inoratidzwa, ine velocity yakanangana neradius.Matemo maviri echimedu anotenderera munzira imwe chete kuitira kuti kuyerera kuite zvakare kutenderera.
Fig.2(a) Kutenderera kuyerera
Kuti kuyerera kuve kusina kutenderera, kugoverwa kwevelocity pedyo nemuganhu wakatwasuka kunofanira kuva yunifomu (Fig.2b).Panyaya yekuyerera munzira yedenderedzwa, zvinogona kuratidzwa kuti irrotational kuyerera kunongoenderana chete nekunge velocity iri inversely proportional kune radius.Kubva pakutarisa kwekutanga paMufananidzo 3, izvi zvinoita sezvisizvo, asi kunyatsoongorora kunoratidza kuti mbezo mbiri dzinotenderera dzakatarisana kuitira kuti pave nemhedzisiro inoburitsa kutaridzika kweavhareji yemasanhu ayo asina kuchinjwa kubva pakutanga.
Fig.2(b) Irrotational flow
Nekuti zvese zvinwiwa zvine viscosity, iyo yakaderera yemvura chaiyo haina kumbopfava, uye kuyerera kwelaminar ndeyechokwadi kutenderera kwakanyanya.Saka kuyerera kusingadzoreki imamiriro ekufungidzira angave echido chedzidzo-chete dai kusiri kwechokwadi chekuti muzviitiko zvakawanda zvemhirizhonga inoyerera maitiro ekutenderera haana kukosha zvekuti anogona kuregeredzwa.Izvi zvakaringana nekuti zvinogoneka kuongorora kuyerera kusingatenderere kuburikidza nemasvomhu epfungwa dze classical hydrodynamics yakambotaurwa.
Centrifugal Gungwa Mvura Yekuenda Pombi
Muenzaniso Nhamba: ASN ASNV
Modero ASN uye ASNV pombi idanho rimwechete-kaviri suction split volute casing centrifugal pombi uye inoshandiswa kana yekufambisa yemvura yemabasa emvura, air-conditioning kutenderera, chivakwa, kudiridza, drainage pombi chiteshi, chiteshi chemagetsi, indasitiri yemvura yekupa mvura, kudzima moto. hurongwa, ngarava, kuvaka uye zvichingodaro.
Kuyerera kwakadzikama uye kusagadzikana.
Kuyerera kunonzi kwakadzikama kana mamiriro ezvinhu chero nguva achigara achiremekedza nguva.Kududzirwa kwakasimba kwetsanangudzo iyi kwaizotungamira kumhedzisiro yekuti kuyerera kwemhirizhonga hakuna kumbobvira kwakadzikama.Nekudaro, nekuda kwechinangwa chazvino zviri nyore kuona mafambiro emvura akajairwa sechiyero uye kuchinjika kwakashata kunoenderana nenyonganiso sechinhu chechipiri pesvedzero.Muenzaniso uri pachena wekuyerera kwakadzikama ndeyekugara ichibuda mumugero kana chiteshi chakavhurika.
Sekuwirirana kunotevera kuti kuyerera hakuna kugadzikana kana mamiriro ezvinhu achisiyana maererano nenguva.Muenzaniso wekuyerera kusina kugadzikana ndeyekubuda kwakasiyana-siyana mumugero kana mugero wakavhurika;ichi chinowanzova chiitiko chechinguvana chiri kutevedzana, kana kuteverwa nekubuda kwakadzikama.Zvimwe zvinozivikanwa
Mienzaniso yenguva nenguva ndeyekufamba kwemafungu uye kutenderera kwematumbi makuru emvura mukuyerera kwemvura.
Mazhinji ematambudziko anoshanda muhydraulic engineering ane chekuita nekuyerera kwakadzikama.Izvi zvine rombo rakanaka, sezvo kushanduka kwenguva mukuyerera kusina kugadzikana kunoomesa ongororo.Saizvozvo, muchitsauko chino, kutariswa kwekuyerera kusina kusimba kuchangoitwa kune mashoma mashoma akapusa.Zvakakosha kuyeuka, zvisinei, kuti zviitiko zvakawanda zvinowanzoitika zvekuyerera kusina kusimba zvinogona kuderedzwa kusvika kune zvakadzikama kuburikidza nemusimboti wekufamba kwehukama.
Nokudaro, dambudziko rinosanganisira ngarava inofamba mumvura yakagadzikana inogona kudzokororwa kuitira kuti chikepe chimire uye mvura ichifamba;iyo chete mucherechedzo wekufanana kwemaitiro emvura kuti nhanho yekumhanya ichave yakafanana.Zvakare, kufamba kwemafungu mumvura yakadzika kunogona kuderedzwa kusvika
kugadzikana nekufungidzira kuti mucherechedzi anofamba nemasaisai padanho rimwechete.
Diesel engine Vertical Turbine multistage centrifugal inline shaft water Drainage Pump Iri rudzi rwepombi yemvura yakatwasuka inonyanyo shandiswa kupomba kusaora, tembiricha isingasviki 60 °C, zvakaturikwa zvakasimba (zvisingasanganisi faibha, magrits) isingasviki 150 mg/L zvemukati. tsvina kana mvura inorasa.VTP mhando vertical drainage pombi iri muVTP mhando yakatwasuka pombi yemvura, uye pahwaro hwekuwedzera uye collar, isa chubhu mafuta ekuzora imvura.Inogona kusvuta tembiricha iri pasi pe60 °C, kutumira kune imwe tsanga yakasimba (yakaita sechirahwe chesimbi nejecha rakatsetseka, marasha, nezvimwewo) zvetsvina kana mvura yetsvina.
Uniform uye isiri-uniform inoyerera.
Kuyerera kunonzi kwakafanana kana pasina mutsauko muhukuru uye kutungamira kwevelocity vector kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe munzira yekuyerera.Kuti zvitevedzerwe netsanangudzo iyi, zvese nzvimbo yekuyerera uye kukurumidza kunofanirwa kunge kwakafanana pakuyambuka-kwese.Kuyerera kusiri-uniform kunoitika kana velocity vector ichisiyana nenzvimbo, muenzaniso wakajairika uri kuyerera pakati pekuchinjika kana kupatsanura miganhu.
Ose ari maviri aya mamwe mamiriro ekuyerera akajairika muakavhurika-channel hydraulics, kunyangwe tichinyatso kutaura, sezvo kuyerera kweyunifomu kunogara kuswededzwa asymptotically, inzvimbo yakanaka iyo inongo fungirwa uye isingambo nyatso kuwanikwa.Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mamiriro acho ane chekuita nenzvimbo kwete nguva uye nekudaro muzviitiko zvekuyerera kwakavharwa (eg.pipes pasi pekumanikidzwa), ivo vakanyatsozvimiririra kune yakatsiga kana kusagadzikana chimiro chekuyerera.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-29-2024